Pakistan

Pakistan <> is a rustic in Asia. It’s bordered by India on the east, China on the northeast, Afghanistan on the northwest, and Iran on the southwest. Its south coast is on the Arabian Sea, which is a part of the Indian Ocean. Pakistan has a few of the highest mountains on the earth.

The capital of Pakistan is Islamabad <>. It was constructed within the 1960’s. Karachi, which was as soon as the capital, is Pakistan’s largest metropolis and its main seaport.

Land

Mountains cowl a lot of northern and western Pakistan. The flatlands of japanese Pakistan have a number of the nation’s greatest farmland.

Most of Pakistan has a dry local weather, with scorching summers and chilly winters. There’s little or no rain. Lengthy dry durations could also be damaged by heavy rainstorms that trigger flooding.

Individuals

The primary individuals to settle in Pakistan belonged to the identical group because the individuals who first settled in northern India. Over a whole lot of years, many different individuals got here into the world. They included Arabs, Afghans, Greeks, Persians, and Turks.

At the moment, there are numerous teams in Pakistan. Every group has a unique language. Most people converse their very own language every single day. They converse the official language, Urdu, as a second language.

The most important group is the Punjabis, who reside primarily within the Punjab space in japanese Pakistan. Different most important teams are the Sindhis, Pushtuns, and Balochis. Most people reside in small villages.

Virtually all of Pakistan’s individuals are Muslims, individuals who comply with the faith of Islam. There are a number of Christians, Hindus, and Buddhists.

Assets and merchandise

Rivers are Pakistan’s most essential pure assets. They supply water for irrigation and for electrical energy.

About half the individuals in Pakistan farm for a dwelling. A lot of the farms are small. Wheat is the primary crop. Farmers additionally increase cattle and water buffaloes for work animals.

Many metropolis individuals work in service industries, corresponding to promoting, educating, authorities, and well being care. Manufacturing offers some jobs in giant factories. In small factories and houses, individuals work at crafts resembling making rugs.

On Pakistan’s coast, fishing is necessary. Crews catch shrimp, sardines, sharks, and different fish. Pakistan sells fish to different nations.

Historical past

A number of the world’s first nice cities developed about four,500 years in the past within the Indus River Valley in what’s now Pakistan.Ruins of two necessary cities, Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, have been discovered. These cities have been giant and nicely deliberate.

About three,500 years in the past, the Aryans, a individuals from Central Asia, took over what at the moment are Pakistan and northern India. Then about 2,500 years in the past, the Persians took over Pakistan.

For a lot of centuries, a collection of empires dominated each Pakistan and northern India. An empire is sort of a very giant kingdom. About 1,000 years in the past, Muslims from central Asia took over, and Muslim rulers established empires in Pakistan and India.

Within the 1500’s, Europeans started to sail to India to commerce. Within the 1700’s and 1800’s, the British acquired management over most of what at the moment are Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh. The world they dominated was referred to as British India.

Within the late 1800’s and early 1900’s, the individuals of British India needed extra self-authorities. Most people belonged to the Hindu faith. Many Muslims needed their very own nation. In 1947, two nations have been shaped—India and Pakistan. Most individuals in India have been Hindus, and most of the people in Pakistan have been Muslims.

When it turned unbiased, Pakistan included two areas, referred to as West Pakistan and East Pakistan. West Pakistan lay west of northern India, and East Pakistan lay east of northern India. The individuals in each areas have been principally Muslims, however their languages and methods of life have been totally different. In 1971, conflict broke out between the 2 areas, and East Pakistan declared its independence. It turned the nation of Bangladesh. West Pakistan turned Pakistan.

In 1988, elections have been held. Benazir Bhutto turned prime minister. She was the primary lady ever elected to go a Muslim authorities. She served from 1988 to 1990 and from 1993 to 1996. In 1999, Basic Pervez Musharraf overthrew the federal government. He declared himself president in 2001. In October 2007, the Pakistani Parliament elected Musharraf to a different time period as president. In December, Bhutto was assassinated whereas campaigning for a 3rd time period as prime minister.

Pakistan has additionally struggled with India over management of an space referred to as Kashmir since 1947. In 2005, an earthquake struck northern Pakistan and elements of Kashmir, killing greater than seventy three,000 Pakistanis and greater than 1,300 Indians.