Argentina is the second largest nation in South America in measurement. It’s the third largest in inhabitants. Solely Brazil has extra land, and solely Brazil and Colombia have extra individuals. Argentina takes up a lot of the southern a part of South America. The Atlantic Ocean lies east of Argentina. The nation can also be bordered by Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay.
Buenos Aires is the capital and largest metropolis of Argentina. It lies alongside a large physique of water referred to as the Rio de la Plata, which suggests “Silver River.”
Land
Argentina is formed like an extended triangle. It’s broad within the north and slender within the south.
The Andes Mountains run all the best way down Argentina’s lengthy western border. The tallest mountain within the Western Hemisphere, referred to as Aconcagua <
The land east of the Andes is decrease and flatter. The low land within the north is roofed partly by farms and partly by forests of low timber and bushes.
In the midst of Argentina is a large, grassy flat land referred to as the Pampas. It lies between the Andes Mountains within the west and the Atlantic Ocean within the east. Most of Argentina’s individuals stay in Buenos Aires and different giant cities on this area. The Pampas has a few of the richest soil on the earth. Farmers there develop wheat and corn. Ranchers increase cattle.
Patagonia is a excessive, rocky space south of the Pampas. Patagonia takes up multiple-fourth of Argentina’s land, however few individuals reside there. Poor soil and little rainfall make a lot of the space arduous to farm. Some individuals who stay in Patagonia increase sheep. Others develop crops, corresponding to apples and pears, within the area’s river valleys.
Assets and merchandise
The primary explorers to reach in Argentina have been Spanish. They got here in quest of silver and gold in the course of the 1500’s. They did not discover gold however they discovered wealthy land for farming and elevating animals. Through the 1800’s, Argentina made some huge cash promoting meat and grain to Europe.
Farmland is Argentina’s most essential pure useful resource. The nation produces beef, corn, wheat, and flaxseed. Oil and medicines are produced from flaxseed.
Individuals
Argentina has about 38 million individuals. Most of them stay in cities and cities. About one-third of the individuals reside in and round Buenos Aires, and greater than two-thirds reside within the Pampas. Giant areas of Argentina have only a few individuals, together with the Andes Mountains, Patagonia, and elements of northern Argentina.
Most Argentines at the moment are associated to individuals who initially got here from Europe. The primary Europeans who settled in Argentina got here from Spain within the 1500’s. Within the late 1800’s and early 1900’s, numerous Europeans got here to Argentina. Lots of them settled in cities, particularly Buenos Aires.
Different Argentines are referred to as mestizos. These individuals have each Indian and European ancestors. Through the 1800’s, a few of Argentina’s mestizos turned cowboys, often known as gauchos <
Historical past
Lengthy earlier than the primary Europeans arrived within the 1500’s, a number of teams of Indians lived in what’s now Argentina. In 1516, the Spanish explorer Juan Díaz de Solís turned the primary European to succeed in Argentina. Through the mid-1500’s, Spanish colonists who had first settled in Peru traveled over the Andes Mountains to return to Argentina. Spain dominated Argentina for almost 300 years. In 1816, what’s now Argentina broke away from Spain and have become unbiased. In 1860, the nation took its current identify, Argentina. Patagonia turned a part of Argentina in 1881.
Within the 1910’s and 1920’s, European nations purchased a number of Argentina’s farm merchandise. Argentina was one of many world’s richest nations right now.
Colonel Juan Perón turned president of Argentina in 1946. In the course of the 1950’s, many individuals turned sad with the best way he dominated Argentina. In 1955, Perón left the nation. He got here again as president in 1973, however he died in 1974. His spouse Isabel then turned president. She was the primary lady president in Argentina. From 1976 to 1983, a gaggle of merciless army leaders ran the federal government. Hundreds of Argentines have been put in jail or killed. Since 1983, nevertheless, Argentina’s authorities has been led by a president. The individuals elect the president.